The source of fear in The Hound of the Baskervilles is mostly
the concern over seemingly unexplainable events and the implications of these
events. The characters are worried chiefly about the hound but also the moor,
and its inhabitants. Watson and Holmes present really one way to deal with
fear. Watson deals with fear by turning to the guidance of Holmes.
Metaphorically this indicates the confused man, caught between supernatural
explanations and logical ones, turning towards the almost supernatural
scientific mind.
Throughout The Hound of the Baskervilles Watson is less critical of the
supernatural interpretation of the hound presented by Mortimer. Mortimer and
Watson, both men of science are swayed by the belief that this hound may not be
just material. Mortimer brings the case to the attention of Holmes because
there is not much that he can do. Holmes is skeptical at first and accepts the
supernatural theory as another explanation, but certainly not the most
plausible. The occupational men of science believing in the supernatural and
the wanderer being the logical one may be a statement about who is capable of
unraveling events when distanced from any prior biases: everyone. Early on
Watson presents some ideas to Holmes, but we find out that these are either off
base, partially true, or deduced by Holmes long before Watson.
In a cunning use of Watson,
displaying how science based investigation sometimes uses people for its own
purposes, Holmes sends Watson along with Sir Henry to Baskerville Hall.
Throughout his stay Watson experiences unexplained events and he is left
without a solid conclusion. Sir Henry and Watson are easily frightened by the
events surrounding them, and are able to deal with the fear of the criminal by
relying on a logical plan. Watson comments that their plan is exactly what
Holmes would do. Sir Henry’s plan to deal with the fear around him is to turn
to Watson. Watson’s plan to deal with fear is to turn to Holmes. This displays
the chain of more supernaturally inclined characters turning towards more
science minded individuals.
Throughout the text Watson
repeatedly wishes that Holmes were present this indicates that fear cannot not
be completely overcome without Holmes and his science. Watson is able to combat
fear by turning to Holmes. Holmes is able to combat fear by using his abnormal
mind. Combatting fear changed from something that just happened (Japanese), or
something which was divinely caused (Early gothic), to something that had
observable and often correctable causes.
Holmes represents this shift in the psyche that occurred between Walpole
and Doyle. Holmes on one extreme can track every incident to its cause,
Raymond: A Fragment is on the other extreme, where supernatural spur is reason
enough. Watson stands someplace in the middle allowing the mind of the reader
to benefit from both perspectives.
By placing the reader in Watson’s
mind we can relate to the events that are occurring in the text and use some of
that learned reason to combat fear. The events that occur to Watson are
frightening, and unclear. If placed in Holmes head all the events would be
clearly traceable, would lose their frightening effect and also the ability to
teach how to deal with fear. The events are familiar in that they remind us of
the unfamiliar in our own lives, but in Sherlock tales the threads can be
unraveled which provides hope that the events in our life may also be unraveled.
Hey you make a good observation about Holmes using Watson as a subject in his experiment but is this really the way science does it? Now-a-days a respectable scientist, unlike Holmes, would have to fill out form after form and then more forms proving Watson's consent before conducting the sort of experiment found in The Hound of the Baskervilles. I think Holmes uses Watson in a way that most people would find morally unacceptable, displaying how much of a detached monster Holmes can be.
ReplyDeleteWhat's more is that this experiment, which eventually leads to what we might call a favorable outcome, shows us that Holmes is really an anti-hero. The reason he's doing this experiment is for his own gain, he gets off on these mysteries. Watson is simply a means to an end in this respect. Any ethicist worth his salt should be deeply offended by Holmes's use of Watson.
Still, even though Holmes is a bit of a creep, in having Holmes solving the mystery through his disdainful process Doyle seems to be telling us that if science is going to stay true to form and prove anything for certain it must remain completely detached.
On a bit of a tangent, consider what this means for psychology. It may be the case that we must use humans as Holmes uses Watson, i.e., as abusingly as we might treat a lab rat, if we want to know anything for certain about the human mind. Otherwise, can there really ever be a control group in a human psychological study? Can we really know anything about the human mind if, when we study it, people are aware that they are in an experiment? These are problems psychologists have to face and though they attempt to get around it it might be the case that we must start using humans as Holmes uses humans if we want to know anything for certain. Truly, this is a horrifying facet of the human condition which Doyle makes us consider.